This post marks the first in a series exploring glimpses of missions from the Old Testament. The Gentile converts from the Old Testament, truly are the firstfruits from the nations.
The Queen of Sheba
“And when the queen of Sheba had seen all the wisdom of Solomon, the house that he had built, the food of his table, the seating of his officials, and the attendance of his servants, their clothing, his cupbearers, and his burnt offerings that he offered at the house of the LORD,there was no more breath in her.” 1 Kings 10:4-5
”The queen of the South will rise up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and behold, something greater than Solomon is here.” Matthew 12:42
It was anticipated and prophesied by the prophets of old that Jerusalem would become the center of the world and the destination of seekers of God from the ends of the earth. “It shall come to pass in the latter days that the mountain of the house of the LORD shall be established as the highest of the mountains, and shall be lifted up above the hills; and all the nations shall flow to it, and many peoples shall come, and say: ‘Come, let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the house of the God of Jacob, that he may teach us his ways and that we may walk in his paths’” (Isaiah 2:2-3). The prophet is unmistakably looking forward here to something eschatological; and ultimately, it is not to be understood geographically, but Christologically. That is, Christ is the true temple (John 2:19-21), and it is He that the nations recognize as glorious and flock to in the last days.
Yet the glad reality Isaiah describes had a brief foretaste in the history of Israel under the reign of Solomon in a day when surrounding kings and peoples did take notice of Jerusalem and her wise and righteous ruler. Solomon’s early reign (before his heart drifted away from God and his kingdom split in two) was the high point of Israelite history, riding the crest of David’s successes. It was during this happy era that “people of all nations came to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and from all the kings of the earth, who had heard of his wisdom” (1 Kings 4:34).
The most notable and recognized of these foreign visitors was the Queen of Sheba (probably modern Ethiopia) whose story is briefly recorded in 1 Kings 10:1-13 and 2 Chronicles 9:1-12. Let us consider this brief account and how it anticipates the ingathering of Gentile nations in the last days.
“Now when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon concerning the name of the LORD, she came to test him with hard questions” (1 Kings 10:1).
Notice first that she came, initially, as a skeptic. She apparently did not go up to Jerusalem with the intention of admiring Solomon’s wealth and wisdom, but of disproving it. She came to “test him” with “hard questions” — riddles that would stump the king and question his reputation as a wise man. Yet as she saw the array of splendor on display in Jerusalem and listened to Solomon answer her every question, she was compelled to adore. In the words of Scripture, “there was no more breath in her” (1 Kings 10:5). She recognized that this degree of blessing could be from no other hand than the Lord’s. “Blessed be the LORD your God, who has delighted in you and set you on the throne of Israel! Because the LORD loved Israel forever, he has made you king, that you may execute justice and righteousness” (10:9). Whatever her theology previous to her pilgrimage, she came now, at least in this moment, to recognize and worship the one true King who had established the son of David on His throne. The wealth and wisdom of Solomon suddenly commended itself to her in a way she could no longer deny.
Notice as well that she brought something to Solomon. She presented the king with “120 talents of gold, and a very great quantity of spices and precious stones. Never again came such an abundance of spices as these that the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon” (10:10). Given her own testimony concerning the abundance that was in Jerusalem, we should not imagine that the queen felt Solomon was somehow in need of her goods, so that she gave them out of pity. Rather, her gift served as a token of her respect and awe for so influential a man and so great a kingdom. In a picturesque scene from Revelation, we find the kings of the earth bringing their unique glories into the New Jerusalem (Rev. 21:24), again as a symbol of allegiance and honor. International variety was part of what exalted the kingdom of Solomon, and what will exalt the kingdom of Christ. Even today, luxury is partially denoted by an exotic diversity of items from all over the world. Wealthy manors may have mahogany from Africa, silk curtains from China and carpets from Persia, together testifying to the owner’s connectedness, diversity of tastes and obvious financial means. Jerusalem under Solomon was home to precious stones, animals, lumber, and other goods from all over the known world – objects of import or gifts from heads of nations which magnified the glory of the city beyond its natural resources (see 2 Chron. 9:13-28). God delights in diversity. His kingdom is made up of people from every tribe, and each brings a unique contribution – a new perspective on the prism of the manifold glory of God. Of course, they add nothing to His glory, but they accent it and become pointers to it. Christ would not be content if he had the allegiance of every individual from one nation and no others, for He would be too small of a King. He demands and will receive praises from all the nations through their unique languages and customs (Rev. 7:9-10).
Notice furthermore that the queen received a blessing from Solomon. “And King Solomon gave to the queen of Sheba all that she desired, whatever she asked besides what was given her by the bounty of King Solomon. So she turned and went back to her own land with her servants” (v. 13). Out of his abundance, Solomon granted his guest all that her heart desired, and she went back full. God promised Abraham that through him a blessing would come to the nations, of which this story is a type. This Gentile woman was drawn from the ends of the earth (Matt. 12:42) to see the glory of Solomon, and she was blessed for it. The New and Greater Solomon – the Lord Jesus Christ – is full and over flowing with every kind of spiritual bounty – forgiveness, inheritance, joy, hope, righteousness – for those from every nation who come to Him (Eph. 1:3; John 1:16).
The fullness of times has come. Zion is no longer just a city in Palestine, it is wherever Jesus Christ is reigning and receiving worship (Hebrews 12:22-24). Under the sway of His Spirit, the peoples of the earth are flooding in to know and be blessed by the Lord of the Nations. No longer, however, are God’s people simply waiting for the nations to come, they are going forth to invite and compel (Luke 14:16-23). As citizens of the New Jerusalem, we labor, in these final days, to see the Kingdom of Jesus Christ made famous among all the peoples of the earth.
~~posted by Ambassador